Description: A hereditary condition affecting the heart and manifested by ventricular septal defects, pulmonary stenosis, hypertrophy of the right ventricle, and an overriding aorta. Pulmonary stenosis is manifested by the narrowing of the pulmonary valve causing the heart to work harder in order to pump blood. An overriding aorta occurs when the leak or hole near the aorta interferes in the flow of oxygenated blood. Ventricular septal defects refer to the presence of leaks in the walls of the heart that serve to serve as boundaries to separate oxygen-laden blood from oxygen-poor blood. Right ventricular hypertrophy takes place as a consequence of an overworked heart. The walls of the right ventricle of the heart become thicker. Dogs suffering from this congenital condition experience weakness, poor tolerance to exercise, faster rates of breathing. Fainting spells may be experienced in extreme cases. Diagnosis is made based on the results of an echocardiogram and x-ray exams of the heart and the surrounding major blood vessels. A dye is usually injected to help track the flow of blood as it passes through the heart. An open heart surgery is often indicated to correct this condition however, even with surgery, affected dogs are prohibited from engaging in intense exercise and may require lifetime medication.

Breeds Commonly Affected: Keeshond